Pathophysiology of Parkinson's Disease

Based on  The Author’s  US Provisional Patent   
60/496, 397

 Atef  M. Elayyan
Amman    -   Jordan
atefesmail65@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-5418

Introduction:

Parkinson's disease is a brain disorder that leads to shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination.

Parkinson's symptoms usually begin gradually and get worse over time. As the disease progresses people may have difficulty walking and talking. They may also have mental and behavioral changes, sleep problems, depression, memory difficulties, and fatigue.

 Proposed Pathophysiology

When chromium chloride  is proposed to totally release  from voltage-gated potassium channels in  some dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra in the midbrain  which is responsible for movement and reward, due to aging, environmental risk factors and oxidative stress, a continuous  efflux of potassium ions diffuse outside these channels leading to hyperpolarization of these neurons. Thus,  action potentials will not be generated,  so, voltage-gated calcium channels in the presynaptic terminal  will not  be activated to release calcium ions necessary for dopamine secretion.  So, dopamine neurotransmitters will not be secreted.  Also, this hyperpolarization leads  to irreversible degeneration of these neurons, thus Parkinson’s disease is predicted to develop.         

Conclusion:

While Parkinson’s the disease is  an irreversible condition, therefore, there is no cure for it, but still, there are lots of different treatments, therapies, and support available to help manage the disease.