Based on The Author’s US Provisional
Patent
60/496, 397
CONCLUSION:
60/496, 397
INTRODUCTION:
Epilepsy is a common chronic
neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent unprovoked
seizures. These seizures are transient
signs and/or symptoms due to synchronous, abnormal and excessive neural
activity in the brain. About 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy at
any one time.
PROPOSED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
The firing of an action
potential by an axon is accomplished through voltage-gated sodium
channels. Each sodium channel exists in
3 states: rest, active and inactive.
During an action potential,
these channels exist in the active state and allow the influx of sodium
ions. Once the activation or stimulus is
terminated, a percentage of these sodium channels become inactive for a period
of time known as the refractory period.
With constant stimulus or rapid firing, many of the channels exist in
the inactive state, rendering the axon incapable of generating the action
potential. Antiepileptic drugs that
target these sodium channels prevent the return of these channels to the resting
state by stabilizing the inactive state of these channels and prolonging the
effective refractory period. In doing
so, the repetitive firing of the axons is prevented.
When chromium chloride is proposed to totally release from some voltage-gated sodium
channels in hypothalamus in brain, a
continuous influx of sodium ions diffuses into these cells leading to altered neuronal excitability thus, a small fraction of sodium current, termed
the persistent sodium current fails to inactivate significantly, even with prolonged depolarization. This persistent sodium current which is
activated at subthreshold voltages leads to the generation of recurrent high-frequency
bursts of action potentials last for seconds or minutes during epileptic seizures
followed by rapid repolarization and then hyperpolarization. This sequence is
called the paroxysmal depolarizing shift.
The subsequent hyperpolarizing after potential is mediated by GABA
receptors and Cl- influx, or by K+ efflux, depending on
the cell type.
CONCLUSION:
Based on our preliminary results – which are consistent with well established scientific
literature - we predict that chromium picolinate supplement in
particular, due to its high
bioavailability serves as a long-term and intermittent adjuvant approach that may relieve symptoms or even cure mental and some neurological disorders like
epilepsy effectively excluding irreversible Parkinson:s disease. Daily
dose 200 mcg orally for a limited
period of 12 weeks for adults along with
standard treatment, preferably under
medical supervision.
